This unique global research analyzes labor productivity gaps and efficient use of equipment by comparing the 12 primary Chilean mining operations with seven leading international operations. The analysis showed that labor productivity is heterogeneous among local companies and widely varies compared to other countries. In Chile, the most efficient operation requires an average of 43 HH (person-hours) to move a thousand tons, and the least efficient 115. When comparing Chile with international benchmarks, in the country, on average, more than double the HH is required compared to the benchmarks, and the best-performing local operation needs 44% more work than the average of the best international operations. Fifty-three recommendations are proposed for public policies, regulations, and sectoral issues.